/*BELAJAR!!!, TAHUNYA CUMA NYURI IDE DAN HASIL USAHA ORANG*/
a {
  color: navy;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a,
#navigationPrimary a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #000 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a:hover,
#navigationPrimary a:hover {
  color: gold !important;
  background-color: #024 !important;
}
#navigationPrimary a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
#navigationPrimary,
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu {
  background: #b2beb5 !important;
}
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu {
  background: #b2beb5;
  border-radius: 0 0 12px 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
}
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a {
  display: block;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  color: #024;
  background: #b2beb5;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s, background 0.2s;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.section-title {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #000 !important;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 14px 0 6px 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: 0 0;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.tools-block {
  width: 200px;
  background: #b2beb5;
  border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  margin: 16px auto 20px auto;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.tools-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 8px 0;
}
.img1 {
  max-width: 180px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background-color: #b2beb5;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.2s;
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.img1:hover {
  border-color: #024;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 #000;
  transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.05);
}
.journals ul .body .description a {
  display: inline;
}
.pkp_navigation_user_wrapper {
  position: absolute;
  top: 15px;
  right: 0;
  padding-right: 30px;
}
.pkp_navigation_user_wrapper a {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 200;
}
.pkp_navigation_user a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  padding-top: 5px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  line-height: 20px;
  font-size: initial;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.pkp_site_name,
.pkp_site_name > a {
  padding-top: 0 !important;
  padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}
.pkp_site_name .is_img img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: none;
  object-fit: cover;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}
.pkp_site_name_wrapper {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 0;
}
.pkp_nav_list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
#headerNavigationContainer {
  max-height: 200% !important;
}
html,
body {
  background-color: #b2beb5 !important;
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      hsla(35, 0%, 41%, 0.09) 0,
      hsla(35, 0%, 41%, 0.09) 1px,
      transparent 1px,
      transparent 11px
    ),
    repeating-linear-gradient(
      45deg,
      hsla(35, 0%, 41%, 0.09) 0,
      hsla(35, 0%, 41%, 0.09) 1px,
      transparent 1px,
      transparent 11px
    ),
    linear-gradient(90deg, #b2beb5, #b2beb5) !important;
}
/* Untuk elemen pembungkus halaman OJS */
.pkp_structure_page,
.pkp_page_index,
.pkp_page_wrapper {
  background-color: transparent !important;
  background-image: none !important;
}
/* Untuk kontainer tengah yang kadang punya background putih */
#main,
.page,
.container,
.content {
  background-color: transparent !important;
}
body p {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 12px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 840px), screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  #pkp_structure_head,
  #sidebar {
    width: auto;
    float: none;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .pkp_head_wrapper {
    width: 100%;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .obj_issue_toc .galleys > h3,
  .obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
  .obj_issue_toc h3 {
    background: #b2beb5 !important;
  }
}
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li {
  margin: 20px 0;
  padding: 20px;
  background: #b2beb5;
  border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
}
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.obj_article_summary > .title a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #024;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.obj_article_summary > .title a:hover {
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.obj_article_summary .authors a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  color: #000;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding-right: 5em;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.obj_article_summary .authors a:hover {
  color: navy;
}
/* Make authors listed vertically */
.obj_article_summary .authors {
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #222;
  display: block;
}
.obj_article_summary .author-item {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}
.obj_article_summary .author-name {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-style: normal;
}
.obj_article_summary .author-affiliation,
.obj_article_summary .author-country {
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: italic;
  color: #024;
  margin-left: 2px;
}
.obj_article_summary .author-separator {
  margin-right: 4px;
}
.obj_article_summary > .title {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.43rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  border-bottom: none;
  margin: 0;
}
.obj_article_summary .meta {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  position: relative;
  padding-top: 0.357rem;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.43rem;
}
.obj_article_summary {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #333;
  text-align: justify;
  padding-bottom: 22px !important;
  position: relative;
}
.obj_article_summary .pages {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0.5rem;
  bottom: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.85em;
  color: #333;
}

/* Article author / affiliation styling (used by Smarty template) */
.article-authors {
  font-size: 0.88em; /* slightly smaller */
  margin-bottom: 2px;
  font-weight: 600; /* slightly bold */
}
/* Make superscript numbers smaller and show them in square brackets */
.article-authors sup,
.article-affiliation sup {
  font-weight: 400; /* normal weight for superscript numbers */
  font-size: 0.58em; /* smaller superscript number */
  vertical-align: super;
  margin-left: 0.12em; /* keep number close to the name */
  display: inline-block; /* allow precise spacing and pseudo-elements */
  line-height: 1;
  /* nudge the superscript slightly downward so brackets sit closer to baseline */
  transform: translateY(0.22em);
}
.article-authors sup::before,
.article-affiliation sup::before {
  content: "[";
  margin-right: 0;
}
.article-authors sup::after,
.article-affiliation sup::after {
  content: "]";
  margin-left: 0;
}
.article-affiliations {
  font-size: 0.8em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-top: 2px;
}
/* Reduce author name size (applies to article listing and summary). */
.article-authors .author-name,
.obj_article_summary .author-name {
  font-size: 0.85em; /* slightly smaller than surrounding text */
  font-weight: 500; /* keep slightly bold */
  font-style: normal;
  line-height: 1.1;
  display: inline;
}
.current_issue_title {
  border-bottom: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}
.pkp_footer_content {
  float: left;
  width: 70%;
  clear: both;
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: initial;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.pkp_brand_footer {
  float: right;
  width: 30%;
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: initial;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {
  background: #b2beb5;
  border-bottom: 0;
  position: relative; /* allow absolute positioning of footer children */
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper a {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: navy;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper p {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: initial;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.obj_galley_link {
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: capitalize;
  background: #024;
  color: #fff;
  border: none;
}
a.obj_galley_link.pdf:hover {
  background: #d3d3d3;
  color: #024;
}
a.ui-button:active {
  background: #8c8c8c;
  border: 0 solid #3c2d61;
}
.cmp_manuscript_button,
.pkp_site_nav_toggle {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 2.857rem;
  height: 2.857rem;
  border: 0;
  background: 0 0;
  box-shadow: 1px 0 0 rgb(255 255 255 / 20%), -1px 0 0 rgb(255 255 255 / 20%);
  z-index: 999;
}
.pkp_site_nav_toggle > span {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  width: 24px;
  height: 19px;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #b2b3b5;
  text-indent: -9999px;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a {
  font-size: 0.93rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.pkp_block {
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid #ddd;
  clear: both;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 20px;
}
.pkp_structure_sidebar {
  background: #b2beb5;
}
.pkp_structure_sidebar,
.sidebar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}
.pkp_block .title {
  border-bottom: 3px solid #b2beb5;
  display: inline-block;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding-bottom: 0;
  text-transform: capitalize;
}
.pkp_structure_content {
  background: #b2beb5;
  padding-top: 0;
}
.pkp_structure_main p {
  line-height: 25px;
  margin: 20px 0;
  text-align: justify;
  color: #000;
}
.pkp_structure_main h1 {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 30px;
  color: #000 !important;
}
.pkp_structure_main h2 {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #000 !important;
}
.pkp_structure_main h3 {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #000 !important;
}
.pkp_head_wrapper,
.pkp_site_name,
.pkp_site_name_wrapper {
  background: #024 !important;
  background-image: none !important;
}
.pkp_navigation_primary_row,
.pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper {
  background: #b2beb5 !important;
}
.pkp_page_index .current_issue .current_issue_title {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.pkp_page_index .current_issue .current_issue_title,
.pkp_page_index .current_issue .published,
.pkp_page_index .current_issue .published .label,
.pkp_page_index .current_issue .published .value,
.pkp_page_index .current_issue h2 {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  padding: 4px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.pkp_page_index .current_issue {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.obj_announcement_summary {
  margin: 0 0 10px 0 !important;
  padding: 10px 15px !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  background: 0 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}
.obj_announcement_summary .date,
.obj_announcement_summary .summary,
.obj_announcement_summary h3 {
  margin: 0 0 5px 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}
.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 10px !important;
  margin-bottom: 5px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}
.obj_issue_toc .sections h3 {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 0 5px 0 !important;
  font-size: 1.1em;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #000;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.recommended-tools-wrapper {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  max-width: 220px;
  margin: 0 auto 10px auto;
}
.recommended-tools-title {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  background-color: #d3d3d3;
  color: #024;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-align: center;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Custom menu: match visual style with recommended-tools / supplementary */
.custom-menu-wrapper {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  max-width: 220px;
  margin: 0 auto 10px auto; /* konsisten antar block */
}

.custom-menu-title {
  background-color: #d3d3d3; /* abu-abu */
  color: #024; /* gunakan warna judul yang sama */
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-align: center;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.custom-menu-item {
  background-color: #b2beb5;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.custom-menu-item a {
  display: block;
  padding: 6px 10px; /* dikurangi agar kotak lebih kompak */
  color: #024; /* sama dengan judul */
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 13px; /* sedikit diperkecil */
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.2;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.custom-menu-item:hover {
  background-color: #024; /* ubah ke warna utama saat hover */
}
.custom-menu-item:hover a {
  color: #ffd700; /* gold pada hover (warna kontras) */
}
/* Icon alignment for custom menu items */
.custom-menu-item a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.custom-menu-item a .fa {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 18px;
  margin-right: 8px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: #024;
  line-height: 1;
}

.custom-menu-item a:hover .fa {
  color: #ffd700;
}

/* Index block: logo anchors and image sizing are defined later (consolidated) */

/* Grid: 5 columns on desktop => with 10 items it becomes 2 rows x 5 cols */
.index-block-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 6px; /* slightly more breathing room while rows remain close */
  padding: 8px 0;
  width: 100%;
  align-items: center;
}

.index-block-list a {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 40px; /* increased logo height for better visibility */
  padding: 4px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  text-align: center;
}

.index-block-list img.img1 {
  max-height: 100%;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  transition: transform 0.18s ease, box-shadow 0.18s;
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.index-block-list a:hover img.img1 {
  transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.04);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

/* Responsive: tablet */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .index-block-list {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
  .index-block-list a {
    height: 36px; /* slightly larger on tablet than before */
  }
}

/* Mobile: stack label above grid and use 2 columns */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .index-block-wrapper {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
  }
  .index-block-title {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    margin-right: 0;
  }
  .index-block-list {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
  .index-block-list a {
    height: 32px; /* a bit larger on mobile for touchability */
  }
}
.additional_content p {
  margin-top: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  line-height: 1.5em;
}
.additional_content ul {
  margin-top: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  padding-left: 20px;
}
.additional_content li {
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.additional_content table {
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.additional_content strong {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}
.additional_content table.data {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.additional_content table.data td {
  vertical-align: top;
  background-color: #b2beb5 !important;
  border-radius: 8px;
}
table.data {
  background-color: #b2beb5 !important;
}
.pkp_block,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > .dropdown-toggle,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary_row,
.pkp_navigation_user > li > .dropdown-toggle,
.pkp_navigation_user > li > a,
.pkp_page_index .page_index_journal_description,
.pkp_site_nav_menu > li > a,
.pkp_structure_page,
.index-block-wrapper,
.recommended-tools-wrapper,
body {
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif !important;
}

/* Font Awesome fallback: ensure .fa uses the FontAwesome font if stylesheet loads */
.fa,
.fa:before {
  font-family: FontAwesome !important;
  speak: none;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: normal;
  font-variant: normal;
  text-transform: none;
  line-height: 1;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}