A Bibliometric Analysis of Pragmatics and Speech Act Research (2015–2025): A Scopus-Based Study
Abstract
This study mapped the global landscape of pragmatics and speech act research through a bibliometric approach. A corpus of 1,346 Scopus-indexed articles and reviews published between 2015 and 2025 was analyzed using the bibliometrix package in R and Biblioshiny, examining publication trends, citation patterns, and network structures including co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence. The findings revealed a sustained growth in research output (annual growth rate: 10.1%), sustained by a small set of core journals, most prominently the Journal of Pragmatics, and a group of highly prolific authors distributed across institutions in Europe, East Asia, and the Middle East. Theoretically, the field remained anchored in foundational constructs derived from speech act theory, politeness, and interlanguage pragmatics, while emerging areas such as digital discourse, corpus-based approaches, and computational applications had gained increasing visibility. Co-citation analysis identified Austin (1962), Searle (1979), and Brown and Levinson (1987) as the most consistently cited intellectual anchors. The co-word network revealed a conceptual structure centered on speech acts and pragmatics, with interconnected clusters related to politeness and interactional norms, specific speech-act types such as requests and apologies, and emerging computational or data-driven approaches. Taken together, the results sketched a field that had grown substantially over the decade, consolidated around a recognizable set of theoretical anchors, and opened up toward new methods, media, and cross-linguistic contexts.
Keywords:
Speech Act Theory, Pragmatics Research, Bibliometric Analysis, Science Mapping, Interlanguage PragmaticsCopyright
Copyright (c) 2026 Zulfikri Zulfikri

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Afzaal, M., Shanshan, X., & El-Dakhs, D. A. (2024). A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of speech acts in international journals (2013–2023). Cogent Arts & Humanities, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2024.2380556
Alrefaee, Y. M. H., & Aljabr, F. (2025). Evolution and trends in interlanguage pragmatics research: a bibliometric analysis (1973–2024). Cogent Arts & Humanities, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2025.2567505
Alsuhaim, W. M., & Alhojailan, A. I. (2025). Gender-Based Communication Strategies in Expressing Gratitude in Najdi Arabic: An Investigation Into Differences in the Production and Perception of Thanking. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 16(2), 526–538. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1602.18
Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
Aria, M., Cuccurullo, C., D’Aniello, L., Misuraca, M., & Spano, M. (2024). Comparative science mapping: a novel conceptual structure analysis with metadata. Scientometrics, 129(11), 7055–7081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-024-05161-6
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford University Press.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 Pragmatics. Language Learning.
Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Ablex.
Börner, K., Chen, C., & Boyack, K. W. (2003). Visualizing Knowledge Domains. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology.
Bradford, S. C. (1934). Sources of Information on Specific Subjects. Engineering, 137, 85–86.
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press.
Cobo, M. J., López-Herrera, A. G., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2011). Science Mapping Software Tools. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.
Cortés-Sánchez, J., Chinchilla‐Rodríguez, Z., & Karbonell, K. (2021). Science Mapping to study academic knowledge circulation. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2104.09484
Crystal, D. (2006). Language and the Internet. Cambridge University Press.
Cui, H., & Mahfoodh, O. H. A. (2025). Mapping the Evolution of L2 Pragmatics Research (2000–2025): an Integrated Bibliometric and Systematic Review Analysis. Contrastive Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1163/26660393-bja10155
Culpeper, J. (2011). Impoliteness: Using Language to Cause Offence. Cambridge University Press.
Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to Conduct a Bibliometric Analysis: An Overview and Guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
Dynel, M. (2015). The Landscape of Impoliteness Research. Journal of Politeness Research.
Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The Bibliometric Analysis of Scholarly Production. Scientometrics.
Falagas, M. E., Pitsouni, E. I., Malietzis, G. A., & Pappas, G. (2008). Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. FASEB Journal.
Fried, D., Tomlin, N., Hu, J., Patel, R., & Nematzadeh, A. (2022). Pragmatics in Language Grounding: Phenomena, Tasks, and Modeling Approaches. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.08371
Fried, D., Tomlin, N., Hu, J., Patel, R., & Nematzadeh, A. (2023). Pragmatics in Language Grounding: Phenomena, Tasks, and Modeling Approaches. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.840
Gerasimov, I., Kc, B., Mehrabian, A., Acker, J., & McGuire, M. (2024). Comparison of datasets citation coverage in major indexing databases. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-024-05073-5.pdf
Ghorbani, B. (2024). Bibliometrix: Science Mapping Analysis with R Biblioshiny Based on Web of Science in Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51726-6_8
Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and Conversation. In P. Cole & J. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and Semantics, Vol. 3: Speech Acts (pp. 41–58). Academic Press.
Gusenbauer, M. (2024). Beyond Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science: An evaluation of the backward and forward citation coverage of 59 databases’ citation indices. Research Synthesis Methods, 15(5), 802–817. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1729
Harzing, A. W., & Alakangas, S. (2016). Google Scholar, Scopus and the Web of Science. Scientometrics.
Haugh, M. (2017). Prompting offers of assistance in interaction. Pragmatics and Society, 8(2), 183–207. https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.8.2.02hau
Herring, S. C. (2013). Discourse in Web 2.0. The Handbook of Discourse Analysis.
Hicks, D. (2004). The four literatures of social science. In H. F. Moed, W. Glänzel, & U. Schmoch (Eds.), Handbook of Quantitative Science and Technology Research (pp. 473–496). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hood, W. W., & Wilson, C. S. (2001). The Literature of Bibliometrics. Scientometrics.
Huang, L. (2021). Toward multimodal corpus pragmatics: Rationale, case, and agenda. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 36(1), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqz080
Hussain, S., & Khan, A. (2024). Testing EFL Communication: Speech Act Theory and the Communicative Approach. Arab World English Journal, 15(1), 384–400. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol15no1.24
Hymes, D. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride & J. Holmes (Eds.), Sociolinguistics (pp. 269–293). Penguin.
Ifantidou, E. (2014). Pragmatic Competence and Relevance. John Benjamins.
Jakupčević, E., & Portolan, M. (2021). An analysis of pragmatic content in EFL textbooks for young learners in Croatia. Language Teaching Research, 28(1), 114–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820986936
Kádár, D. Z., & Haugh, M. (2013). Understanding Politeness. Cambridge University Press.
Kasper, G., & Blum-Kulka, S. (1993). Interlanguage Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
Kecskes, I. (2014). Intercultural Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
Klarin, A. (2024). How to conduct a bibliometric content analysis: Guidelines and contributions of content co‐occurrence or co‐word literature reviews. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.13031
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. Longman.
Levinson, S. C. (1983). Pragmatics. In Cambridge University Press.
Liu, Q., Liu, J., & Li, J. (2025). Mapping the knowledge structure of pragmatics (1977–2022): A bibliometric analysis. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 43(2), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2024.2347413
Locher, M. A. (2010). Introduction to Interpersonal Pragmatics. Mouton de Gruyter.
Locher, M. A., & Watts, R. J. (2005). Politeness Theory and Relational Work. Journal of Politeness Research.
Lotka, A. J. (1926). The Frequency Distribution of Scientific Productivity. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 16(12), 317–323.
Mey, J. L. (2001). Pragmatics: An Introduction. Blackwell.
Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The Journal Coverage of Web of Science and Scopus. Scientometrics.
Noveck, I. A., & Sperber, D. (2004). Experimental Pragmatics. Palgrave Macmillan.
Nowakowska, M. (2025). A comprehensive approach to preprocessing data for bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics, 130(9), 5191–5225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-025-05415-x
Öztürk, O., Kocaman, R., & Kanbach, D. (2024). How to design bibliometric research: an overview and a framework proposal. Review of Managerial Science, 18(11), 3333–3361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-024-00738-0
Phaisarnsitthikarn, J. (2025). The Presentation of Speech Acts in EFL Textbooks Used in Primary and Secondary Schools in Thailand. REFLections, 32(2), 1076–1098. https://doi.org/10.61508/refl.v32i2.283154
Ronan, P. (2022). Directives and Politeness in SPICE-Ireland. Corpus Pragmatics, 6(2), 175–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41701-022-00122-x
Schauer, G. A. (2022). Teaching L2 pragmatics to young learners A review study. Applied Pragmatics, 4(2), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1075/ap.00006.sch
Schegloff, E. A. (2007). Sequence Organization in Interaction: A Primer in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Searle, J. R. (1969). Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge University Press.
Sedira, N., Pinto, J., Bentes, I., & Pereira, S. (2024). Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on biomimetics, biomimicry, bionics, and bio-inspired concepts in civil engineering using the Scopus database. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ad3ff6
Tagg, C. (2015). Exploring Digital Communication. Routledge.
Taguchi, N. (2015). Cross-cultural adaptability and development of speech act production in study abroad. International Journal of Applied Linguistics (United Kingdom), 25(3), 343–365. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12073
Taguchi, N., & Roever, C. (2017). Second Language Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. Routledge.
Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage Pragmatics: Requests, Complaints and Apologies. Mouton de Gruyter.
Waltman, L., Van Eck, N. J., & Noyons, E. C. M. (2010). A Unified Approach to Mapping and Clustering of Bibliometric Networks. Journal of Informetrics.
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric Methods in Management and Organization. Organizational Research Methods.
